Tools Of Critical Thinking Metathoughts For Psychology Second Edition PDF31 _VERIFIED_
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Tools of Critical Thinking: Metathoughts for Psychology, Second Edition
Tools of Critical Thinking: Metathoughts for Psychology, Second Edition is a book by David A. Levy, a professor of psychology at Pepperdine University. The book aims to improve thinking skills through the application of 30 critical thinking principles, called Metathoughts. These specialized tools and techniques are useful for approaching all forms of study, inquiry, and problem solving in various domains of psychology, such as clinical, social, and cross-cultural psychology.
The book covers topics such as conceptualizing phenomena, explaining phenomena, common misattributions, investigating phenomena, other biases and fallacies in thinking, and conclusions. The author applies Metathoughts to a diverse array of issues in contemporary psychology, such as identifying strengths and weaknesses in various schools of thought, defining and explaining psychological phenomena, evaluating the accuracy and usefulness of research studies, reducing logical flaws and personal biases, and improving the search for creative solutions. The book also includes practical examples, illustrations, anecdotes, clinical vignettes, exercises, useful antidotes, and contemporary social problems and issues to illustrate the Metathoughts.
The second edition of the book features more than 60 new and updated reference citations related to a wide range of contemporary topics, 140 multiple-choice test bank items and 20 short-answer/essay questions, a comprehensive PowerPoint CD package as a pedagogical aid to augment lecture presentations, an improved glossary of key terms with over 300 fully cross-referenced definitions, and the expanded use of humor, including parodies, cartoon illustrations, and clever satires. The book also contains a brief guide to deconstructing academically fashionable phrases for the uninitiated, a proposed category for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) called Pervasive Labeling Disorder[^1^] [^2^] [^3^].One of the main goals of the book is to help readers develop metacognitive awareness, or the ability to monitor and regulate one's own thinking processes. Metacognition is essential for effective learning, problem solving, decision making, and self-regulation. By using Metathoughts, readers can learn to identify and correct errors in their thinking, avoid cognitive traps and biases, and enhance their creativity and critical thinking skills.
The book is organized into seven chapters, each focusing on a different aspect of critical thinking. The first chapter introduces the concept of Metathoughts and explains how they can be used to conceptualize phenomena in psychology. The second chapter discusses how Metathoughts can help explain phenomena by generating and testing hypotheses, using multiple perspectives, and avoiding logical fallacies. The third chapter examines how Metathoughts can prevent common misattributions, such as confusing correlation with causation, mistaking coincidence for meaningful patterns, and overestimating the role of personal factors. The fourth chapter explores how Metathoughts can guide the investigation of phenomena by evaluating the quality and validity of research methods, data, and conclusions. The fifth chapter addresses other biases and fallacies in thinking that can interfere with critical thinking, such as confirmation bias, hindsight bias, availability heuristic, and framing effects. The sixth chapter summarizes the main points of the book and provides some general guidelines for applying Metathoughts to various situations. The seventh chapter presents some concluding Metathoughts that reflect on the nature and limitations of critical thinking. aa16f39245